What is a Faecal H. pylori Antigen Test?
A faecal Helicobacter pylori antigen test is a non-invasive laboratory test used to detect proteins (antigens) from H. pylori bacteria in a stool sample. H. pylori is a common stomach infection associated with gastritis, peptic ulcers, and an increased risk of gastric cancer. The test identifies active infection, making it useful for both initial diagnosis and confirmation of eradication after treatment.
When is a Faecal H. pylori Antigen Test Recommended?
Clinicians may recommend the test in the following situations:
- Symptoms suggestive of H. pylori, such as upper abdominal pain or indigestion
- Suspected peptic ulcer disease
- Persistent nausea, bloating, or unexplained weight loss
- To confirm eradication after antibiotic therapy
How is a Faecal H. pylori Antigen Test Performed?
The test requires the patient to collect a stool sample using a sterile kit provided by the clinic or laboratory. The sample is returned to the laboratory, where it is analysed using immunoassay methods to detect H. pylori antigens. Certain medications, such as antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, and bismuth compounds, may need to be stopped beforehand, as they can affect test accuracy. Results are typically available within a few days.
What are the Benefits of a Faecal H. pylori Antigen Test?
The test offers several advantages:
- Accurate, non-invasive diagnosis of active infection
- Useful for monitoring eradication after treatment